{"id":70,"date":"2023-09-17T05:59:03","date_gmt":"2023-09-17T05:59:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/ru\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d1%83%d0%b5%d0%bc\/"},"modified":"2023-09-17T05:59:03","modified_gmt":"2023-09-17T05:59:03","slug":"%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d1%83%d0%b5%d0%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/ru\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d1%83%d0%b5%d0%bc\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0438 \u0442. \u0434. \u0418 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0437\u0430 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u043c\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b MATLAB, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430?<\/h2>\n<p> \u041a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435, \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044b. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u2026 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b? \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e: <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#dff6ff;padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 0.5px; padding-right: 40px; padding-left: 30px\" class=\"has-background\">\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> <strong>\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/strong> \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4ab9c489a73de0bde368d8a7f7bd7151_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A = PDP^{-1}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"97\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> \u0418\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442,<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-54fc1390aaa9437bf9813fc64b600919_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D = P^{-1}AP\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"98\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> \u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438,<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438) \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> ,<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-073aeddfae03d7bea03931e1cb3505f4_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P^{-1}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"31\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u2014 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438)<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044b \u043c\u044b \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 (<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> ) \u0432 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435.<\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u0418 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e,<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443?<\/h2>\n<p> \u041d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c; \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b. \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 <em>n<\/em> \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 <em>n<\/em> <span style=\"color:#1976d2;\"><strong>\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432)<\/strong><\/span> , \u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b LI, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442 0, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0433.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-389610a3ba8bf2db8af148a3f5c13e5a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\text{si} \\quad \\text{det}(P)\\neq 0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\text{matriz diagonalizable}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"331\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 <span style=\"color:#1976d2;\"><strong>\u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b,<\/strong><\/span> \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435, \u2014 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0410\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f), \u0430 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430) \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <span style=\"color:#1976d2;\"><strong>\u0430\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/strong><\/span> , \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cee403ec4a2cac29cda0bf950fcc143b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\alpha_\\lambda = \\text{multiplicidad algebraica} = \\text{multiplicidad del valor propio}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"483\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-968bde68480ba0b85f5179a1a794bfec_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"m_\\lambda = \\text{multiplicidad geom\\'etrica} = \\text{dim } Ker(A-\\lambda I) = n -rg(A-\\lambda I)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"541\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8b7ecdb0203a83bf48683c551df7418a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\alpha_\\lambda \\geq m_\\lambda \\geq 1\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"100\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-511e6243e12d5227417f12bb1ef29330_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\text{si} \\quad \\alpha_\\lambda = m_\\lambda \\quad \\forall \\lambda \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\text{matriz diagonalizable}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"353\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0441 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, <span style=\"color:#1976d2;\"><strong>\u043b\u044e\u0431\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/strong><\/span> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/h2>\n<p> \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439) \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432) \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c  \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f) \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b) \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b  . \u0412\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0435, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0438\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438: 2\u04452, 3\u04453, 4\u04454 \u0438 \u0442. \u0434. \u0428\u0430\u0433\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"color:#1976d2; font-weight: bold;>\n<li><span style=\" color:#262626;font-weight:=\"\" normal;\"=\"\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:23px\"><span style=\"color:#262626;font-weight: normal;\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f) \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:23px\"> <span style=\"color:#262626;font-weight: normal;\">\u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:23px\"> <span style=\"color:#262626;font-weight: normal;\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span> , \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:23px\"> <span style=\"color:#262626;font-weight: normal;\">\u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 (\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435).<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color:#262626;font-weight: normal;\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span> , \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b 0, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0435 1.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fffde7\"> <strong>\u0412\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/strong> \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0418\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 1<\/h3>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c 2\u00d72: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-13b9f5c8b5a381c9661aa4ee2e0b7b63_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A= \\begin{pmatrix}2&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"95\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E3F2FD boto_ver_solucion\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E3F2FD\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f652aa2ef8cd55100970fef7fbf30e60_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(A-\\lambda I)= \\begin{vmatrix}2- \\lambda &amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3-\\lambda \\end{vmatrix} = \\lambda^2-5\\lambda +4\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"339\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c53bbe295e0f77d1cdaa183e9341567d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lambda^2-5\\lambda +4=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} \\lambda = 4 \\\\[2ex] \\lambda = 1 \\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"231\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c. \u0412\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e 1: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-10506efea4c355e8449378bc3a1948a9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"99\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-83d7b7d31a262f6e0844a0a9f5098e11_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;2\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\end{pmatrix} =}\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"156\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9ea3248973afa32a42f87b20e0c5ddc9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} x+2y = 0 \\\\[2ex] x+2y = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ x=-2y\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-73435e1b8c9d689ec17255f087e978f0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-2 \\\\[1.1ex] 1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"79\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0410 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 4: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0545c0847763140ccc62a58cf4207c6c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-4I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d9c6b33d8fad6974d366ce088800b92a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}-2&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-1\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\end{pmatrix} =}\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"183\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d68533e14c844cf5bd4ee1965533ee6f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} -2x+2y = 0 \\\\[2ex] x-y = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ y=x\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0f3cac5769795f1730fcbf118fdfbbc3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"66\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-46dde85eb30324e4dfec09cbb802853e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  P = \\begin{pmatrix}-2&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"109\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0410 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1e0329677969153d43ce741754dc6924_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle D= \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;4\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"97\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0412 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7ea54fe9e11d849c2896cc312df404ba_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle P = \\begin{pmatrix}-2&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1 \\end{pmatrix} \\qquad D= \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;4\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"248\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2<\/h3>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:px; text-align:\"><\/div>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f61af0f4b152be75cc74b7733b2de076_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A= \\begin{pmatrix}3&amp;4\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;-2\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"122\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E3F2FD boto_ver_solucion\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E3F2FD\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-31024cc955652299f8933e082f934f15_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(A-\\lambda I)= \\begin{vmatrix}3- \\lambda &amp;4\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;-2-\\lambda \\end{vmatrix} = \\lambda^2-\\lambda -2\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"343\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-341b01a85529d26a506ebc9336221dca_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lambda^2-\\lambda -2=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} \\lambda = -1 \\\\[2ex] \\lambda = 2 \\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"235\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c. \u0412\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e -1: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-76cc8bb12c3b49d4964b2b3f661677ae_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A+I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"99\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c2728e62bfb96bb9106b0f7791ba9c5b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}4&amp;4\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;-1\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\end{pmatrix} =}\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"183\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0515ba12f6ad51cc35cc785697498b78_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} 4x+4y = 0 \\\\[2ex] -x-y = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ x=-y\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0059538893e6c8439792228733f803de_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"79\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0410 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 2: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6c6944f71d79a33d4789affbc82db4c1_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-2I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-aff94f6ac5c08a408abcb42f4262ac0a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;4\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;-4\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\end{pmatrix} =}\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"183\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2930b2bf0ef86ea8be216bafe5c3aa32_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} x+4y = 0 \\\\[2ex] -x-4y = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ x=-4y\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"230\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ede8a2a2803fc807b34db04326f5e1cf_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-4 \\\\[1.1ex] 1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"79\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-990ff35382717a4644e33e8630777237_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  P = \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;-4 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"123\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0410 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cb2a5e7884d62f8ed609465e289fa70e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle D= \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"110\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0412 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-60358333f16516ac0d64d12891ef6ea5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle P = \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;-4 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1\\end{pmatrix} \\qquad D= \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"276\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 3<\/h3>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c 3\u00d73: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8fc8797c8c0354ff540e340b82cb9258_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A= \\begin{pmatrix}2&amp;0&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;2&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;4\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"136\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E3F2FD boto_ver_solucion\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E3F2FD\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-280aeb93bd229f34fe255f368390ae6a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(A-\\lambda I)= \\begin{vmatrix}2-\\lambda&amp;0&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;2-\\lambda&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;4-\\lambda \\end{vmatrix} = -\\lambda^3+8\\lambda^2-19\\lambda+12\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"86\" width=\"476\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0420\u0443\u0444\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9fc16d8c9420ece9152119b48f249df9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{r|rrrr} &amp; -1&amp;8&amp;-19&amp; 12 \\\\[2ex] 1 &amp; &amp; -1&amp;7&amp;-12 \\\\ \\hline &amp;-1\\vphantom{\\Bigl)}&amp;7&amp;-12&amp;0 \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"93\" width=\"199\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0410 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430: <\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e07297a9da80525b94e7af1914f403be_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle -\\lambda^2+7\\lambda -12=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} \\lambda = 3 \\\\[2ex] \\lambda = 4 \\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"252\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-798eb40221e94ae6f384d824bcc76998_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lambda=1 \\qquad \\lambda =3 \\qquad \\lambda = 4\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"200\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445. \u0412\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e 1: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-10506efea4c355e8449378bc3a1948a9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"99\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c50b6b424d6465f208981f3f89213bb2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;1&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"202\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8c810793db36ac827b71d01324760cee_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} x+2z = 0 \\\\[2ex] -x+y+z = 0\\\\[2ex] y+3z = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l}x=-2z \\\\[2ex] y = -3z \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"97\" width=\"260\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-88fc97c4f3a0e5a6d79978e154230e22_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-2 \\\\[1.1ex] -3 \\\\[1.1ex] 1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 3: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-50e802072a0f6e2942bc873d6a466909_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-3I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-05bcbb328be85066bb142c990bbfad99_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;0&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;-1&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-656b90b758fe5ab6178efdfcbef399ef_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} -x+2z = 0 \\\\[2ex] -x-y+z = 0\\\\[2ex] y+z = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l}x=2z \\\\[2ex] y = -z \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"97\" width=\"250\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-33033f69510447ef3684a67e835bd578_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}2 \\\\[1.1ex] -1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0418, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 4: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0545c0847763140ccc62a58cf4207c6c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-4I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1f455bc39f72a9b8141ba714bd72a0e5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}-2&amp;0&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;-2&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;0\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-dd0ebc259ff2665ef3c4c3a3b1692e2e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} -2x+2z = 0 \\\\[2ex] -x-2y+z = 0\\\\[2ex] y = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l}x=z \\\\[2ex] y = 0 \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"97\" width=\"246\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-308b2f0f597fcc084d8d06d6c45fd3e5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f1f57ccbb391403b5e4af625900516cc_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  P = \\begin{pmatrix}-2&amp;2&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] -3&amp;-1&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1&amp;1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"150\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0410 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e88d2a690d31a9ca772d185078f69d3f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle D= \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;3&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;4\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"124\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d6fdff19d2d1e3f58ba1898dc456711d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle P = \\begin{pmatrix}-2&amp;2&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] -3&amp;-1&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1&amp;1\\end{pmatrix} \\qquad D= \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;3&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;4\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"318\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 4<\/h3>\n<p> \u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-628e7e12a0d8ccde5bb1fb2626663910_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A= \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;3&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 3&amp;-1&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"150\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E3F2FD boto_ver_solucion\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E3F2FD\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-30678afffed54546baac35a9eeda7e74_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(A-\\lambda I)= \\begin{vmatrix}-1-\\lambda&amp;3&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2-\\lambda&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 3&amp;-1&amp;1-\\lambda \\end{vmatrix} = -\\lambda^3+2\\lambda^2+4\\lambda-8\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"86\" width=\"473\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0420\u0443\u0444\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1022b20e607032ce89202906035a1315_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{r|rrrr} &amp; -1&amp;2&amp;\\phantom{-}4&amp; -8 \\\\[2ex] 2 &amp; &amp; -2&amp;0&amp;8 \\\\ \\hline &amp;-1\\vphantom{\\Bigl)}&amp;0&amp;4&amp;0 \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"93\" width=\"181\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0410 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ef5a87ff07eca3feb9798f85cd0b21c7_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle -\\lambda^2+4=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} \\lambda = +2 \\\\[2ex] \\lambda = -2 \\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-76aa799dc37e1ba9c8839ac219e2047f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lambda=2 \\qquad \\lambda =2 \\qquad \\lambda = -2\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"213\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 -2 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0430\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445. \u0412\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e -2: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-70c2775e4e4ba721178bb0bb01743b0a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A+2I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f548e75ebc3648368d043737d26c3141_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;3&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;4&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 3&amp;-1&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"202\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-eda9945255b333b217a9c40fc90fb632_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} x+3y+z = 0 \\\\[2ex] 4y = 0\\\\[2ex] 3x-y+3z = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l}y=0 \\\\[2ex] x = -z \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"97\" width=\"255\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e79ea01eaeac74b4cf803f470fbb329b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] -1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 2. <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6c6944f71d79a33d4789affbc82db4c1_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-2I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-53c61e86f8559cae71cca6a111379645_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}-3&amp;3&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 3&amp;-1&amp;-1\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"229\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9de45793fef0fd80dff4c8013e9d444d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} -3x+3y+z = 0 \\\\[2ex] 0= 0\\\\[2ex] 3x-y-z = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l}y=0 \\\\[2ex] z=3x \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"97\" width=\"264\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e90d075bde6188e524147bdd92aa203d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 3\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 2 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430):<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-517e77ee4e68f74541ce05ff82fe8188_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] -3\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6a457d6a8a6af3a42596803162118e90_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  P = \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;1&amp;-1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;3&amp;-3 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"150\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 2 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e 0 (\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439):<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-eef0b8cbbbfc27e1f11bee978f009064_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(P) = \\begin{vmatrix}1&amp;1&amp;-1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;3&amp;-3 \\end{vmatrix}=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"86\" width=\"207\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b, <strong>\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 A \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 5<\/h3>\n<p> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c 3\u00d73: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c00122db1c4520c4ff5907ba29c05647_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A= \\begin{pmatrix}3&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;2\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"122\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E3F2FD boto_ver_solucion\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E3F2FD\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0bc2d83752a7ea5c3532047677b123b4_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(A-\\lambda I)= \\begin{vmatrix}3-\\lambda&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2-\\lambda&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;2-\\lambda \\end{vmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"86\" width=\"281\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 3, \u043c\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445):<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f27c9abc6047b2289c6dca75524c36b1_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{aligned} \\begin{vmatrix}3-\\lambda&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2-\\lambda&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;2-\\lambda \\end{vmatrix}&amp; = (3-\\lambda)\\cdot  \\begin{vmatrix} 2-\\lambda&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex]1&amp;2-\\lambda \\end{vmatrix} \\\\[3ex] &amp; = (3-\\lambda)[\\lambda^2 -4\\lambda +3] \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"136\" width=\"364\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438. \u0421 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-51bd286d6b714a75da7b952b21b01000_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (3-\\lambda)[\\lambda^2 -4\\lambda +3]=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} 3-\\lambda=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\lambda = 3 \\\\[2ex] \\lambda^2 -4\\lambda +3=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\begin{cases}\\lambda = 1 \\\\[2ex] \\lambda = 3 \\end{cases} \\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"476\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0cab1e45f633f7419506c6af08ec1f6c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lambda=1 \\qquad \\lambda =3 \\qquad \\lambda = 3\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"200\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445. \u0412\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e 1: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-10506efea4c355e8449378bc3a1948a9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"99\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8e830c9d5e670fac1f34cbd469a11255_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}2&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"188\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a2afb8e9c13b45197cd1b96c25dd7f9c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} 2x = 0 \\\\[2ex] y+z = 0\\\\[2ex] y+z = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l}x=0 \\\\[2ex] y = -z \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"97\" width=\"205\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e82a93f938d6438a3f8caf32715cc3d8_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] -1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 3: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-50e802072a0f6e2942bc873d6a466909_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-3I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4e32cf06d1621a90bae143448d4fa348_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;-1\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}x \\\\[1.1ex] y \\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d52817f384fe99c1ecc4dce8034d138f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} 0 = 0 \\\\[2ex] -y+z = 0\\\\[2ex] y-z = 0\\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l}y=z  \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"97\" width=\"205\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4f56725fbe621b829ccd3de6e289af91_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 3 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d53a91ff3ef0a02d62956e7517bff871_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-01c9824b06a22d012e8d7f7d10b3d411_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  P = \\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;1&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"137\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 4, \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c 3 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0430\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 3 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u0430\u044f. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442, \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442 0:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5b64f45987701e73cd19b7ca0183e20f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(P) = \\begin{vmatrix}0&amp;0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;1&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1&amp;0 \\end{vmatrix} =-2 \\neq 0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"86\" width=\"239\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0410. \u0418 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-428f628ac9ba4c7ae6eb615b0e726735_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle D= \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;3&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"124\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0430, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d6fc326a197ddeb33da66d0ecbb5f3b1_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle P = \\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;1&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\\qquad D= \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;3&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"304\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0423\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 6<\/h3>\n<p> \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 4\u00d74: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b25cef0f514564a0206c2f8a588bd346_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A=\\begin{pmatrix}2&amp;1&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-3&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;5\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"161\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E3F2FD boto_ver_solucion\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E3F2FD\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7cacf7f3b5f63ab816368aaa866e5762_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(A-\\lambda I)= \\begin{vmatrix}2-\\lambda&amp;1&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-3-\\lambda&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;-\\lambda&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;5-\\lambda\\end{vmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"108\" width=\"335\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4211dd57b179125aa12310419b051ccb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{aligned} \\begin{vmatrix}2-\\lambda&amp;1&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-3-\\lambda&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;-\\lambda&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;5-\\lambda\\end{vmatrix}&amp; = (5-\\lambda)\\cdot  \\begin{vmatrix}2-\\lambda&amp;1&amp;2\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-3-\\lambda&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;-\\lambda\\end{vmatrix}\\\\[3ex] &amp; = (5-\\lambda)[-\\lambda^3 -\\lambda^2 +6\\lambda] \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"161\" width=\"472\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043a \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c85f64406d449b4f23e6bbc31ee093b7_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (5-\\lambda)[-\\lambda^3 -\\lambda^2 +6\\lambda]=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} 5-\\lambda=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\lambda = 5 \\\\[2ex] -\\lambda^3 -\\lambda^2 +6\\lambda =0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\lambda(-\\lambda^2 -\\lambda +6) =0 \\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"593\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-96a7a939f5e7d075a94581b2354f7c79_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lambda(-\\lambda^2 -\\lambda +6)=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} \\lambda=0  \\\\[2ex] -\\lambda^2 -\\lambda +6=0 \\ \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{cases} \\lambda=2 \\\\[2ex] \\lambda = -3 \\end{cases}\\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"467\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a035c19d3bf8a877933101ccb35189c8_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lambda=0 \\qquad \\lambda =-3 \\qquad \\lambda = 2\\qquad \\lambda = 5\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"291\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043a \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c. \u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 0: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0e3b04137690f84b723e3ed568e1114a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-0I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-48e7a88c722f93154455a7d3a139e9e0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix} 2&amp;1&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-3&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;5\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}w \\\\[1.1ex] x \\\\[1.1ex] y\\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"230\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bd06b2978a9da318f23d71c96d5d028e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} 2w+x+2y = 0 \\\\[2ex] w-3x+y = 0\\\\[2ex] -x=0 \\\\[2ex] 5z=0 \\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l} x=0 \\\\[2ex] z=0  \\\\[2ex]w=-y \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"129\" width=\"262\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5e6cb2192b1819fcd5216e1ad0b37346_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1  \\\\[1.1ex]0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c -3: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a30172d2befd05d52d80c2792c8b917f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A+3I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bb4e1e57896d33ad465b139fee1f0069_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix} 5&amp;1&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;0&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;3&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;8\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}w \\\\[1.1ex] x \\\\[1.1ex] y\\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"108\" width=\"230\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0190aad5028c9efdaebb2226b863104d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} 5w+x+2y = 0 \\\\[2ex] w+y = 0\\\\[2ex] -x+3y=0 \\\\[2ex] 8z=0 \\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l} w=-y  \\\\[2ex]x=3y \\\\[2ex] z=0 \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"129\" width=\"262\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1d4c0c3b06a7cdb14076a2d1dc0eb395_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-1 \\\\[1.1ex] 3 \\\\[1.1ex] 1  \\\\[1.1ex]0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 2: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6c6944f71d79a33d4789affbc82db4c1_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-2I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7263a76e7855eedadeecb32ac4e3a097_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix} 0&amp;1&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-5&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;-2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}w \\\\[1.1ex] x \\\\[1.1ex] y\\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"244\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b1655d285c99ec5c316ac5b56f7a2bfb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} x+2y = 0 \\\\[2ex] w-5x+y = 0\\\\[2ex] -x-2y=0 \\\\[2ex] 3z=0 \\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l} x=-2y \\\\[2ex] w=-11y \\\\[2ex] z=0  \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"129\" width=\"271\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b72552cd6d30c1f940b2c8ebefa911f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}-11 \\\\[1.1ex] -2 \\\\[1.1ex] 1  \\\\[1.1ex]0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"91\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0412\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c 5: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f48052a078660236820e9f605996e193_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A-5I)v=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cad6a424d357b8ab8ad0dbf5b6a9a1fe_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix} -3&amp;1&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-8&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-1&amp;-5&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;0\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}w \\\\[1.1ex] x \\\\[1.1ex] y\\\\[1.1ex] z \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"258\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3531f26937c3668fb457e0af0cf8761d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\left.\\begin{array}{l} -3w+x+2y = 0 \\\\[2ex] w-8x+y = 0\\\\[2ex] -x-5y=0 \\\\[2ex] 0=0 \\end{array}\\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ \\begin{array}{l} w=x=y=0 \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"129\" width=\"329\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-633b2852390bdc22c60e2aaf38b6ab2c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle v = \\begin{pmatrix}0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 \\\\[1.1ex]1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0414\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d01ab11cb87f40e42c259bf37e95130f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  P = \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;-1&amp;-11&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;3&amp;-2&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1&amp;1&amp;0  \\\\[1.1ex]0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"198\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0410 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0430, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8174826f72dc49491c2884f32f54febf_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle D= \\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-3&amp;0&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;5\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"163\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u041f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-029be0f37d9f5846758b7dbb1e25c8fc_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle P = \\begin{pmatrix}-1&amp;-1&amp;-11&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;3&amp;-2&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;1&amp;1&amp;0  \\\\[1.1ex]0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;1\\end{pmatrix} \\qquad D=\\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;-3&amp;0&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;0&amp;5\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"404\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-118\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446<\/h2>\n<p> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e, \u0432\u044b, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c: \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430?<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0436, \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p> \u042f\u0440\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446,<\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a58b001c11304f21fbb6c1f2ac53766f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A^k=PD^kP^{-1}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"113\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443. \u0410 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0442\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-61f8a7778e43eedecad71920e45f7471_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  D^k = diag(\\lambda_1^k,\\lambda_2^k, \\ldots , \\lambda_n^k)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"198\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/h3>\n<p> \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3544a0199a7c277c7497a042deee07ce_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A= \\begin{pmatrix}2&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 3&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"95\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> , \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3d5f3ac30ba6b6ac40e819e86daad73e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle P = \\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3 \\end{pmatrix} \\qquad D= \\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"235\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 A, \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e 7, \u044d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-474e92843d1a973a45a0cfe8fc8889ec_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A^7=PD^7P^{-1}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"112\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9c0cbd00c0e1c04f294d8ff5413894e5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A^7=\\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2\\end{pmatrix}^7\\left.\\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3 \\end{pmatrix}\\right.^{-1}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"58\" width=\"265\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7868fd8a15a99bfc9b31b1e4732bcc8a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P:\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"23\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9747b331e1548549fa7a171695729eec_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A^7=\\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3 \\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2\\end{pmatrix}^7\\begin{pmatrix}-3&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"58\" width=\"254\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0678df2cc9faf293040c255b8d05014d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D:\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"24\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-147918af8d66f941dcd70444b7e0d5a2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A^7=\\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3\\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}1^7&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;2^7\\end{pmatrix} \\begin{pmatrix}-3&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"262\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-27c7f9dee1b20761a9845457099573cf_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A^7=\\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;3 \\end{pmatrix}\\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;128\\end{pmatrix} \\begin{pmatrix}-3&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"264\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0418, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f77fa7a83f343c5723afa0a3fde981cc_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  \\bm{A^7=}\\begin{pmatrix}\\bm{128}&amp;\\bm{0}\\\\[1.1ex] \\bm{381}&amp;\\bm{1}\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"118\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438 \u0442\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u044f\u0434. \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438. <\/p>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-119\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446<\/h2>\n<p> \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u043b\u044e\u0431\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435.\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-68da13602f004ced593a0442bca3f363_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\mathbb{C}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> . \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439, \u0442\u043e \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> <strong>\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430<\/strong> , \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e3f65f9edb18ea2a563767416aec8e52_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A=PDP^t\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"85\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0423\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0444\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c, \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d <strong>\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u044e<\/strong> . \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0444\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0444\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<p> \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f <strong>\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c,<\/strong> \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c215d8b5d9ae75dbd069c6b6d39886dd_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  A=\\begin{pmatrix}2&amp;0 \\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-1 \\end{pmatrix} \\qquad B=\\begin{pmatrix}3&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"247\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b A \u0438 B \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041d\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/h2>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:px; text-align:\"><\/div>\n<p> \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b, <strong>\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f) \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e.<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u00bb:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cdadeeadd8ee984e2efb53896c2d3306_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"54\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u043a \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b, \u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c7bb0fa6573d760edc55d94cfc834c7e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  \\begin{pmatrix}0&amp;1 \\\\[1.1ex] -1&amp;0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"68\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u044b <em>\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/em> , \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u2014 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441  \u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0416\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430  .<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e MATLAB<\/h2>\n<p> \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u0435. \u0418 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e, <strong>MATLAB<\/strong> , \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e MATLAB:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d9c2b022364c0099b96b150c5853a9f8_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  \\text{[P, D] = eig(A)}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"116\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> &#8212; \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0438<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0418<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430:<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-650eb7688af6737ac325425b5c9a5982_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"P\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u2013 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b9ef1bbd23fd1b198de883813285620_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"D\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u2014 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435, \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0421 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1e908bfbcd51e3b8c338b5ca279f9f8d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  e= eig(A)}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"81\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3fc193f43cc29c1eef788f64ba43c1bd_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"e\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"8\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u2014 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0435\u0446, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 MATLAB \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445: \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0438 \u0442. \u0434. \u0418 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0433 \u0437\u0430 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u043c\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/ru\/%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d1%83%d0%b5%d0%bc\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/span> \u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 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