{"id":335,"date":"2023-07-06T05:26:21","date_gmt":"2023-07-06T05:26:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/ru\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%be%d1%80%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d1%85-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%86-%d1%81%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82\/"},"modified":"2023-07-06T05:26:21","modified_gmt":"2023-07-06T05:26:21","slug":"%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%be%d1%80%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d1%85-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%86-%d1%81%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/ru\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%be%d1%80%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d1%85-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%86-%d1%81%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439. \u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438. \u0418, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430?<\/h2>\n<p> \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435: <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#dff6ff;padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 0.5px; padding-right: 40px; padding-left: 30px\" class=\"has-background\">\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> <strong>\u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/strong> \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b, \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435), \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435. \u0422\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6ce7debd9ea0083703f398f280e534f3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\\cdot A^t = A^t \\cdot A =I\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"147\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> \u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-25b206f25506e6d6f46be832f7119ffa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0438<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-afd3cedfe0f405ed9f2d585b5ac1d8cb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A^t\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"18\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441. \u041f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0445 <strong>\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/h2>\n<p> \u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u2014 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 <strong>\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f) \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a  \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443  . \u041f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n<p> \u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u044d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-36f7666e4730a6311c088c7e8d7f0f38_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\left.\\begin{array}{c} A \\cdot A^t =I \\\\[2ex] A \\cdot A^{-1} = I\\end{array} \\right\\} \\longrightarrow \\ A^t=A^{-1}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"231\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442  \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439  , \u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b 2\u00d72<\/h2>\n<p> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 2\u00d72: <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/matrice-orthogonale-de-dimension-22152-1.webp\" alt=\"\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 2x2\" class=\"wp-image-3302\" width=\"132\" height=\"70\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u041c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d157361ae2a13dbeabc4ba1aab7f8a94_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A\\cdot A^t\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"44\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f7baa091c2fd963507b93e6bec5c386b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A\\cdot A^t= \\begin{pmatrix} 0 &amp; 1 \\\\[1.1ex] -1 &amp; 0 \\end{pmatrix} \\cdot \\begin{pmatrix} 0 &amp; -1 \\\\[1.1ex] 1 &amp; 0 \\end{pmatrix} = \\begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 &amp; 1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"315\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443, \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e A \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b 3\u00d73<\/h2>\n<p> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 3\u00d73: <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/matrice-orthogonale-de-dimension-32153-1.webp\" alt=\"\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c 3x3\" class=\"wp-image-3304\" width=\"193\" height=\"102\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u041c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430, \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 A \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-35687f56ff4ad5d1b19ea673b4ac85de_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A\\cdot A^t = \\begin{pmatrix}0.8&amp;0.6&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] -0.6&amp;0.8&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\\cdot \\begin{pmatrix}0.8&amp;-0.6&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0.6&amp;0.8&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}= \\begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; 0 &amp; 0\\\\[1.1ex] 0 &amp; 1 &amp; 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"453\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e A \u2014 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b 2&#215;2<\/h2>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:px; text-align:\"><\/div>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 2 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0443.<\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 2\u00d72:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ac19d6ab63d390a9340cbce4014b1136_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A=\\begin{pmatrix} a &amp; b \\\\[1.1ex] c &amp; d \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"96\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-05ba7bc31dc95f239c8ddb0ffdd72a81_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A\\cdot A^t =I\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"78\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1e108701513ef6f2118e3b7d32657cd8_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix} a &amp; b \\\\[1.1ex] c &amp; d \\end{pmatrix} \\cdot \\begin{pmatrix} a &amp; c \\\\[1.1ex] b &amp; d \\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 &amp; 1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d5435c614cb0da442fe04f65aec89637_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{pmatrix} a^2+b^2 &amp; ac+bd \\\\[1.1ex] ac+bd &amp; c^2+d^2 \\end{pmatrix}=\\begin{pmatrix} 1 &amp; 0 \\\\[1.1ex] 0 &amp; 1 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"233\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f8897132ecdbf389450e8c5fa1707226_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{c}a^2+b^2=1 \\\\[2ex] ac+bd=0 \\\\[2ex] c^2+d^2=1 \\end{array} \\qquad \\begin{array}{l} (1) \\\\[2ex] (2) \\\\[2ex] (3) \\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"95\" width=\"162\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438 \u043d\u0430 <em>\u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041f\u0438\u0444\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/em> :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cbd8ab83a790807844d1d30e63429337_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\sin ^2\\alpha+\\cos ^2\\alpha=1\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"143\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c (1) \u0438 (3), \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9abeb023c5050d8d7f6fbab8c52227ba_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{array}{l} a = \\cos \\theta \\qquad \\qquad \\qquad c = \\sin\\phi \\\\[2ex] b = \\sin \\theta \\qquad \\qquad \\qquad d = \\cos \\phi\\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"242\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9b210cbf7eb8602c723c54204fc5ad8d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle ac+bd=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"88\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8c5edfeb3556ee37b43da4afaeb0c3f6_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos\\theta\\sin\\phi+\\sin\\theta\\cos\\phi=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"202\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b2b1e1085946911044e2758ca2783eb8_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\tan\\phi=-\\tan\\theta\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"117\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0eb6746afdcb971294de82ecebad37b9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{si} \\quad c=\\sin\\phi=-\\sin\\theta \\quad \\longrightarrow \\quad  d=\\cos\\phi=\\cos\\theta\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"373\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6face2f33e95163135f12204424969f0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{si} \\quad d=\\cos \\phi=-\\cos \\theta \\quad \\longrightarrow \\quad c=\\sin\\phi=\\sin\\theta\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"373\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446: <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/formule-de-la-matrice-orthogonale-de-dimension-22152-1.webp\" alt=\"\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 2\u04452\" class=\"wp-image-3267\" width=\"623\" height=\"143\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u0417\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-356a08e839ab6974a16448e16e56745d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\theta\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"9\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<p> \u0414\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d3f94c7fef174aa94efe99c9aa192cab_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle\\theta=\\frac{\\pi}{2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"32\" width=\"45\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c\u043c\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443, \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u00ab\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b 2 \u00d7 2\u00bb: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1a331cab64745933f7c8a5009c799be6_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle M_1 \\left(\\theta =\\frac{\\pi}{2}\\right)=\\begin{pmatrix} \\cos \\cfrac{\\pi}{2} &amp;\\sin \\cfrac{\\pi}{2} \\\\[4ex] -\\sin \\cfrac{\\pi}{2} &amp; \\cos \\cfrac{\\pi}{2} \\end{pmatrix}=\\begin{pmatrix} \\vphantom{\\frac{\\pi}{2}}0 &amp;1 \\\\[2ex]\\vphantom{\\frac{\\pi}{2}} -1 &amp; 0 \\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"107\" width=\"366\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-118\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b<\/h2>\n<p> \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c  \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439  , \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041b\u044e\u0431\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0422\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b <em>\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c, \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041b\u044e\u0431\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043b, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 n \u00d7 n, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0439. \u0422\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0430:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7d0922008f857f33f46de7551a8ff7cc_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle (A\\cdot A^{t})_{ij} = \\delta_{ij}=\\begin{cases}1 &amp; \\mbox{si }i = j, \\\\[2ex] 0 &amp; \\mbox{si }i \\ne j\\end{cases}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"65\" width=\"238\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d +1 \u0438\u043b\u0438 -1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-12d5717a2cb94708642478117c7c309d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\text{det}(A)=\\pm 1\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"97\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/h2>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u041f\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5c53d6ebabdbcfa4e107550ea60b1b19_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"a\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"9\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0418<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f56d50c26583f9a035ff6b4e3c0ca5c0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"b\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"8\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-892ca58ec5cd36060396cb566902d65d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A=\\frac{1}{3}\\begin{pmatrix}a&amp;a&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] b&amp;1&amp;b\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;a&amp;a\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"140\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435. \u0422\u0410\u041a:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-301d774ec2d0663c858c91e548000749_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A\\cdot A^t = I\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"78\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c2dc9ef8c514302f183ca66626cabc1b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\frac{1}{3}\\begin{pmatrix}a&amp;a&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] b&amp;1&amp;b\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;a&amp;a\\end{pmatrix} \\cdot \\frac{1}{3}\\begin{pmatrix}a&amp;b&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] a&amp;1&amp;a\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;b&amp;a\\end{pmatrix}=\\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.1ex] 0&amp;0&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"334\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-18a21a22f3cc9747c310d271c3fe4c5c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\frac{1}{9}\\begin{pmatrix}2a^2+1&amp;ab+a+b&amp;2a+a^2\\\\[1.5ex] ab+a+b&amp;2b^2+1&amp;b+a+ab\\\\[1.5ex] 2a+a^2&amp;b+a+ab&amp;1+2a^2\\end{pmatrix} =\\begin{pmatrix}1&amp;0&amp;0\\\\[1.5ex] 0&amp;1&amp;0\\\\[1.5ex] 0&amp;0&amp;1\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"87\" width=\"418\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u0415\u0449\u0435: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3a4d0f699410c3a7de5d6af181073f8e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\frac{1}{9}(2a^2+1) = 1\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"36\" width=\"113\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-119\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p> \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c6700a19d58afe1d84668664734ef725_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 2a^2+1 = 9\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"89\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a2007d061c6ecfda4deef22882bfce17_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 2a^2 = 8\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"59\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5fd565f4a4ab39908601493ada1575cb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle a^2 = 4\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"50\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2f617bc4be3760ed1e13564672a4b6ef_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\bm{a = \\pm 2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"55\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 <strong>\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<p> \u0421 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f56d50c26583f9a035ff6b4e3c0ca5c0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"b\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"8\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0446\u0430:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-16d30b554d24bd4b8a00b156ed1503d0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\frac{1}{9}(ab+a+b) = 0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"36\" width=\"134\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-fe062334bff68f2ba70f0f025d2a2d9c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle ab+a+b = 0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"110\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0417\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-5c53d6ebabdbcfa4e107550ea60b1b19_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"a\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"9\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> \u0432 \u0443\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e8e6825541c5d7e2a12df99d9dc7b3b2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle -2b-2+b = 0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"14\" width=\"122\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a13af6b471ccdb2e6804fc02b87abc4f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle -b =2\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"52\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-27e8de15a4a0f239878f4cc4f5b8db24_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\bm{b =-2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"53\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f, \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-70dc1f4331f63bff4d12f4bad8ef34e3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\bm{a=b =-2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"86\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cb7e7a27658da85f7b0d16b17f1f0815_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle A=\\frac{1}{3}\\begin{pmatrix}-2&amp;-2&amp;1\\\\[1.1ex] -2&amp;1&amp;-2\\\\[1.1ex] 1&amp;-2&amp;-2\\end{pmatrix}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"85\" width=\"179\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446<\/h2>\n<p> \u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443, \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u0435\u0431\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<p> \u0412 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u044b) \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0444\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c <strong>\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> , <strong>\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u0438\u043b\u0438 <strong>\u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<p> \u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043b. \u0418 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439. \u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438. \u0418, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/ru\/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%8b-%d0%be%d1%80%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d1%85-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%86-%d1%81%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430<\/span> \u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435 &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-31"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 - \u041c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/ru\/\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b-\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445-\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446-\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 - \u041c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\" 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\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438. \u0418, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 &hellip; \u041e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 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