{"id":376,"date":"2023-07-04T01:25:58","date_gmt":"2023-07-04T01:25:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/"},"modified":"2023-07-04T01:25:58","modified_gmt":"2023-07-04T01:25:58","slug":"assintota-vertical","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/","title":{"rendered":"Ass\u00edntota vertical"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Aqui voc\u00ea encontrar\u00e1 quais s\u00e3o as ass\u00edntotas verticais de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o (com exemplos). Explicamos tamb\u00e9m como encontrar as ass\u00edntotas verticais de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o e, al\u00e9m disso, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 praticar com exerc\u00edcios resolvidos passo a passo. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%c2%bfque-es-una-asintota-vertical\"><\/span> O que \u00e9 uma ass\u00edntota vertical?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>Uma ass\u00edntota vertical de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 uma reta vertical cujo gr\u00e1fico se aproxima indefinidamente sem nunca cruz\u00e1-la.<\/strong> Portanto, a equa\u00e7\u00e3o para uma ass\u00edntota vertical \u00e9 <em>x=k<\/em> , onde <em>k<\/em> \u00e9 o valor da ass\u00edntota vertical.<\/p>\n<p> Ou seja, <strong><em>k<\/em> \u00e9 uma ass\u00edntota vertical se o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o quando <em>x<\/em> se aproxima <em>de k<\/em> for infinito.<\/strong> <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/asymptote-verticale.webp\" alt=\"o que s\u00e3o ass\u00edntotas verticais\" class=\"wp-image-1281\" width=\"320\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"como-calcular-la-asintota-vertical-de-una-funcion\"><\/span> Como calcular a ass\u00edntota vertical de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> Para calcular a ass\u00edntota vertical de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, devem ser seguidos os seguintes passos:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"color:#FF8A05; font-weight: bold;border:\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px\"> <span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\">Encontre o dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o. Se todos os pontos estiverem no dom\u00ednio, a fun\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o possui ass\u00edntotas verticais.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:12px\"> <span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\">Calcule o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o em pontos que n\u00e3o est\u00e3o no dom\u00ednio.<\/span><\/li>\n<li> <span style=\"color:#101010;font-weight: normal;\">As ass\u00edntotas verticais da fun\u00e7\u00e3o ser\u00e3o todos os valores em que o limite d\u00e1 infinito.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p> Observe que uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o pode ter mais de uma ass\u00edntota vertical. Por exemplo, <u style=\"text-decoration-color:#FF9B28;\">o gr\u00e1fico da fun\u00e7\u00e3o tangente tem infinitas ass\u00edntotas verticais.<\/u><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color:#ff951b\">\u27a4<\/span> <strong>Veja:<\/strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/funcao-tangente\/\">caracter\u00edsticas da fun\u00e7\u00e3o tangente<\/a><\/span> <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ejemplo-de-asintota-vertical\"><\/span> Exemplo de ass\u00edntota vertical<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> Como exemplo, encontraremos todas as ass\u00edntotas da seguinte fun\u00e7\u00e3o racional para que voc\u00ea possa ver como isso \u00e9 feito:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0425f9cc254c22f6e28ad2186732cfdf_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"f(x)=\\cfrac{1}{x-2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"38\" width=\"101\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Em geral, os pontos onde existem ass\u00edntotas verticais n\u00e3o pertencem ao dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o. Portanto, primeiro calcularemos o dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p> \u00c9 uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o racional, ent\u00e3o observamos quando o denominador desaparece para determinar os pontos que n\u00e3o pertencem ao dom\u00ednio:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e0aacb848a27943fc0e8fba70f545d78_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"x-2=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"73\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c657687cbbf5ea9a7545edb42190e592_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"x=2\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"42\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Portanto, o dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o todos os n\u00fameros reais, exceto x=2:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-298deba50795b5fc3979441d68ef3ed8_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\text{Dom } f = \\mathbb{R} - \\{2\\}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"138\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Ent\u00e3o <strong>x=2 poderia ser uma ass\u00edntota vertical da fun\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/strong> Para verificar isso, devemos calcular o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o neste ponto:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-acc5425df8da5bffaa5ee31c29284a86_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lim_{x \\to 2} \\frac{1}{x-2}=\\frac{1}{2-2}=\\frac{1}{0}=\\infty\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"36\" width=\"220\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Neste caso obtivemos a indetermina\u00e7\u00e3o de um n\u00famero entre zero e, portanto, para resolver o limite devemos calcular os limites laterais para saber se \u00e9 mais infinito, menos infinito ou se o limite n\u00e3o existe. Por\u00e9m, quando calculamos ass\u00edntotas verticais, n\u00e3o precisamos fazer os limites laterais, mas obter essa indetermina\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 suficiente para dizer que se trata de uma ass\u00edntota vertical.<\/p>\n<p> Resumindo, como o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o quando x tende a 2 d\u00e1 infinito, <strong>x=2 \u00e9 uma ass\u00edntota vertical.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> Abaixo est\u00e1 a fun\u00e7\u00e3o representada graficamente. Como voc\u00ea pode ver, ela chega muito perto da reta x=2 (tanto da esquerda quanto da direita), mas nunca a cruza porque \u00e9 uma ass\u00edntota vertical: <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/exemple-dasymptote-verticale.webp\" alt=\"exemplo de ass\u00edntota vertical\" class=\"wp-image-1294\" width=\"431\" height=\"382\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p> Al\u00e9m disso, podemos deduzir do gr\u00e1fico os limites laterais da fun\u00e7\u00e3o no ponto x=2: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bae3e5d8a91ed8bfd4d59e8cf2b2e046_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lim_{x \\to 2^-} \\frac{1}{x-2} = -\\infty \\qquad  \\lim_{x \\to 2^+} \\frac{1}{x-2} = +\\infty\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"38\" width=\"320\" style=\"vertical-align: -14px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ejercicios-resueltos-de-asintotas-verticales\"><\/span> Problemas resolvidos de ass\u00edntotas verticais<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Exerc\u00edcio 1<\/h3>\n<p> Calcule a ass\u00edntota vertical da seguinte fun\u00e7\u00e3o racional: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-911fac1ac9244ceb5c6bff7e4bd14633_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle f(x)=\\frac{3x-1}{2x-1}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"36\" width=\"110\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E6F9EF\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E6F9EF\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> N\u00e3o existe uma f\u00f3rmula para calcular as ass\u00edntotas verticais de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, mas \u00e9 preciso encontrar o dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o e ver em quais pontos onde a fun\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o est\u00e1 definida o limite d\u00e1 infinito.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Portanto, igualamos o denominador da fun\u00e7\u00e3o racional a 0 para encontrar os pontos que n\u00e3o pertencem ao dom\u00ednio: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-eda4c745b07ad63c3060964038aebf0a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"2x -1 =0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0323089c11e731c307ef7664ecb6710b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"2x= 1\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"51\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-971df94c9decb86065329338ff4b81ec_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"x = \\cfrac{1}{2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"38\" width=\"45\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Assim, o dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o todos os n\u00fameros reais, exceto x=1\/2:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d45cfed65d2da3a61311dce298a529a3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\text{Dom } f = \\mathbb{R} - \\left\\{ \\cfrac{1}{2} \\right\\}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"54\" width=\"149\" style=\"vertical-align: -23px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Ent\u00e3o x=1\/2 poderia ser uma ass\u00edntota vertical. Para verificar isso, calculamos o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o neste ponto:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-55047465393cc2a65a7214fa64eac93d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lim_{x \\to \\frac{1}{2} } \\cfrac{3x-1}{2x-1} = \\cfrac{3\\cdot\\cfrac{1}{2}-1}{2\\cdot\\cfrac{1}{2}-1} = \\cfrac{ \\cfrac{3}{2} -1 }{\\cfrac{2}{2} -1 } = \\cfrac{ \\cfrac{1}{2} }{1-1}=\\cfrac{\\cfrac{1}{2}}{0} =\\infty\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"84\" width=\"383\" style=\"vertical-align: -39px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Ent\u00e3o <strong>x=1\/2 \u00e9 uma ass\u00edntota vertical<\/strong> , j\u00e1 que o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o neste ponto d\u00e1 infinito.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Exerc\u00edcio 2<\/h3>\n<p> Encontre todas as ass\u00edntotas verticais da seguinte fun\u00e7\u00e3o fracion\u00e1ria: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cc3badbfcece4b7976d30989606ca685_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle f(x)=\\frac{2x+1}{x^2-9}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"36\" width=\"110\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E6F9EF\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E6F9EF\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Primeiro, igualamos o denominador da fra\u00e7\u00e3o a zero para ver quais valores n\u00e3o est\u00e3o no dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ce55adbc277e9378607d68bce8ef19fc_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"x^2-9=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"81\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Resolvemos a equa\u00e7\u00e3o quadr\u00e1tica incompleta: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-05112cb5a98f653cd1920fb40e5ef9a5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"x^2=9\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"50\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0505454de5d542ace3e698cb903893ab_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"x=\\pm 3\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"57\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> O dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o racional \u00e9, portanto:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c91231eb4c883e8c625dba58f070307f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\text{Dom } f = \\mathbb{R} - \\left\\{3, -3\\right\\}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"168\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Ent\u00e3o, para determinar quais desses dois valores s\u00e3o ass\u00edntotas verticais, resolvemos o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o em cada ponto: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1a56d9ceafa2628b7a80603109ceafc3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle\\lim_{x \\to 3}\\frac{2x+1}{x^2-9}=\\frac{2\\cdot3+1}{3^2-9}=\\frac{7}{9-9}=\\frac{7}{0}=\\infty\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"37\" width=\"317\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-944d84ad3ab51829df2623a4467cc16a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle\\lim_{x \\to -3}\\frac{2x+1}{x^2-9}=\\frac{2\\cdot(-3)+1}{(-3)^2-9}=\\frac{-5}{9-9}=\\frac{-5}{0}=\\infty\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"43\" width=\"369\" style=\"vertical-align: -17px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Os dois limites d\u00e3o infinito, ent\u00e3o <strong>x=3 e x=-3 s\u00e3o as duas ass\u00edntotas verticais da fun\u00e7\u00e3o do problema<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Exerc\u00edcio 3<\/h3>\n<p> Encontre, se tiver, todas as ass\u00edntotas verticais da seguinte fun\u00e7\u00e3o racional:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1dd8356a2f682824a334f15826b31c89_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle f(x)=\\frac{x+3}{x^2+2x-3}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"38\" width=\"150\" style=\"vertical-align: -14px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"color:#ff951b\">\u27a4<\/span> <strong>Veja:<\/strong> <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/zero-entre-zero-0-0-indeterminacao\/\">zero entre zero indetermina\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/span> <\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E6F9EF\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E6F9EF\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Primeiro, resolvemos a equa\u00e7\u00e3o do denominador quadr\u00e1tico para encontrar os valores que anulam o denominador da fra\u00e7\u00e3o: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d5c5fd813f4a2456efa315766ad90ced_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"x^2+2x-3=0\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"122\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9b2170358d5d1719077695aba5afa02e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\begin{aligned}\\displaystyle x&amp;=\\cfrac{-b\\pm\\sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}=\\cfrac{-2\\pm\\sqrt{2^2-4\\cdot1\\cdot(-3)}}{2\\cdot1}=\\\\[3ex]\\displaystyle &amp;=\\cfrac{-2\\pm\\sqrt{16}}{2}=\\cfrac{-2\\pm 4}{2}=\\begin{cases}\\cfrac{-2+4}{2}=1\\\\[3ex]\\cfrac{-2-4}{2}=-3\\end{cases}\\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"172\" width=\"396\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Portanto o dom\u00ednio da fun\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-fd230a1caa7456bca8746870a6d0264a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\text{Dom } f = \\mathbb{R} - \\left\\{1, -3\\right\\}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"168\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Ent\u00e3o, primeiro calculamos o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o em x=1:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3784526cad2b36766a213c13a5938c6b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle\\lim_{x \\to 1}\\frac{x+3}{x^2+2x-3}=\\frac{1+3}{1^2+2\\cdot 1-3}=\\frac{4}{0}=\\infty\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"38\" width=\"328\" style=\"vertical-align: -14px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> E, por outro lado, resolvemos o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o quando x tende para -3:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f0e96a48986cd110e04058e3545290a0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\begin{array}{l}\\displaystyle\\lim_{x \\to -3}\\frac{x+3}{x^2+2x-3}=\\frac{-3+3}{(-3)^2+2\\cdot(-3)-3}=\\frac{0}{0}=\\\\[3ex]\\displaystyle =\\lim_{x \\to -3}\\frac{\\cancel{x+3}}{(x-1)\\cancel{(x+3)}}=\\lim_{x \\to -3}\\frac{1}{x-1}=\\frac{1}{-3-1}=-\\frac{1}{4}\\end{array}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"94\" width=\"413\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> O limite anterior d\u00e1 a forma indeterminada zero entre zero, ent\u00e3o para resolv\u00ea-lo precisamos fatorar os polin\u00f4mios. <u style=\"text-decoration-color:#FF9B28;\">Caso voc\u00ea tenha alguma d\u00favida sobre como resolvemos o limite, voc\u00ea pode ver a explica\u00e7\u00e3o completa de como resolver esse tipo de indetermina\u00e7\u00e3o no link do demonstrativo do exerc\u00edcio.<\/u><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Neste caso, apenas o limite da fun\u00e7\u00e3o no ponto x=1 d\u00e1 infinito, ent\u00e3o <strong>x=1 \u00e9 a \u00fanica ass\u00edntota vertical da fun\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aqui voc\u00ea encontrar\u00e1 quais s\u00e3o as ass\u00edntotas verticais de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o (com exemplos). Explicamos tamb\u00e9m como encontrar as ass\u00edntotas verticais de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o e, al\u00e9m disso, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 praticar com exerc\u00edcios resolvidos passo a passo. O que \u00e9 uma ass\u00edntota vertical? Uma ass\u00edntota vertical de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 uma reta vertical cujo gr\u00e1fico se aproxima &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ass\u00edntota vertical<\/span> Leia mais &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-limites-de-funcao"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ass\u00edntota vertical - Matoridade<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ass\u00edntota vertical - Matoridade\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aqui voc\u00ea encontrar\u00e1 quais s\u00e3o as ass\u00edntotas verticais de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o (com exemplos). 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Explicamos tamb\u00e9m como encontrar as ass\u00edntotas verticais de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o e, al\u00e9m disso, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 praticar com exerc\u00edcios resolvidos passo a passo. O que \u00e9 uma ass\u00edntota vertical? Uma ass\u00edntota vertical de uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 uma reta vertical cujo gr\u00e1fico se aproxima &hellip; Ass\u00edntota vertical Leia mais &raquo;","og_url":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/","article_published_time":"2023-07-04T01:25:58+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/asymptote-verticale.webp"}],"author":"Equipe Mathoridade","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Equipe Mathoridade","Est. tempo de leitura":"4 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/"},"author":{"name":"Equipe Mathoridade","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/26defeb7b79f5baaedafa33a1ac6ac00"},"headline":"Ass\u00edntota vertical","datePublished":"2023-07-04T01:25:58+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-04T01:25:58+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/"},"wordCount":872,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#organization"},"articleSection":["Limites de fun\u00e7\u00e3o"],"inLanguage":"pt-BR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/","url":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/","name":"Ass\u00edntota vertical - Matoridade","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-07-04T01:25:58+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-04T01:25:58+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pt-BR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/assintota-vertical\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ass\u00edntota vertical"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/","name":"Mathority","description":"Onde a curiosidade encontra o c\u00e1lculo!","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"pt-BR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#organization","name":"Mathority","url":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mathority-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mathority-logo.png","width":703,"height":151,"caption":"Mathority"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/26defeb7b79f5baaedafa33a1ac6ac00","name":"Equipe Mathoridade","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8a35e4c8616d1c34c03ca02862b580f4372c5650665668489db53a09579bbc4f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8a35e4c8616d1c34c03ca02862b580f4372c5650665668489db53a09579bbc4f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Equipe Mathoridade"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/mathority.org\/pt"]}]}},"yoast_meta":{"yoast_wpseo_title":"","yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","yoast_wpseo_canonical":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=376"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/376\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}