{"id":211,"date":"2023-07-11T19:16:54","date_gmt":"2023-07-11T19:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/calcular-o-produto-escalar-entre-dois-vetores-exemplos-exercicios-resolvidos\/"},"modified":"2023-07-11T19:16:54","modified_gmt":"2023-07-11T19:16:54","slug":"calcular-o-produto-escalar-entre-dois-vetores-exemplos-exercicios-resolvidos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/calcular-o-produto-escalar-entre-dois-vetores-exemplos-exercicios-resolvidos\/","title":{"rendered":"Calcule o produto escalar de dois vetores"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nesta p\u00e1gina voc\u00ea ver\u00e1 o que \u00e9 e como calcular o produto escalar de dois vetores. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m aprender\u00e1 como encontrar o \u00e2ngulo entre dois vetores usando o produto escalar e, al\u00e9m disso, todas as propriedades do produto escalar. Por fim, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 praticar com exemplos e exerc\u00edcios resolvidos passo a passo. <\/p>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-104\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"como-calcular-el-producto-escalar-entre-dos-vectores\"><\/span> Como calcular o produto escalar entre dois vetores<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> Em matem\u00e1tica, produto escalar \u00e9 uma opera\u00e7\u00e3o vetorial que multiplica dois vetores e os transforma em um n\u00famero real. Portanto, existem duas maneiras de calcular o produto escalar de dois vetores: <\/p>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-105\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color:#FFCC8080;padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 0.5px; padding-right: 40px; padding-left: 30px; border: 2px solid #FFB74D; border-radius:20px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> Se conhecermos as coordenadas de dois vetores, podemos determinar o seu produto escalar multiplicando as componentes X e Y e depois somando os resultados. Em outras palavras, se tivermos dois vetores:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c06f6c1238ab7803750f830e16891f1f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{u}} = (\\text{u}_x,\\text{u}_y) \\qquad \\vv{\\text{v}} = (\\text{v}_x,\\text{v}_y)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"20\" width=\"216\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> O produto escalar entre eles \u00e9:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c469402aae308ebcf911d56f71dadef2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} = \\text{u}_x\\cdot \\text{v}_x + \\text{u}_y\\cdot \\text{v}_y\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"174\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p> Por exemplo, o produto escalar entre os dois vetores a seguir \u00e9:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-78adae8ec882bbd01c5bb2704f3ffa0f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{u}} = (1,2) \\qquad \\vv{\\text{v}} = (-1,3)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"194\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-756e86b9b5b7a9f5df2cacf728d82855_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  \\begin{aligned} \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}&amp;=(1,2)\\cdot (-1,3) \\\\[1.5ex]&amp;=1\\cdot (-1) + 2 \\cdot 3 \\\\[1.5ex] &amp; = -1+6  \\\\[1.5ex] &amp; =\\bm{5} \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"129\" width=\"166\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> \u00c9 uma forma de encontrar o produto escalar entre dois vetores. No entanto, tamb\u00e9m existe outro m\u00e9todo: <\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color:#FFCC8080;padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 0.5px; padding-right: 40px; padding-left: 30px; border: 2px solid #FFB74D; border-radius:20px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> Por outro lado, se conhecermos o m\u00f3dulo e o \u00e2ngulo entre dois vetores, o produto escalar entre os dois vetores pode ser determinado calculando o produto dos seus m\u00f3dulos pelo cosseno do \u00e2ngulo que formam:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-46f454c7efa9e990e47b8fd3858fbade_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle  \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} = \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\cdot \\cos(\\alpha )\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"168\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:left\"> Ouro<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4501274336c637b37c6332eae5c6c229_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"16\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<p> E<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9a59cd4f2581db3318d38a2a77340a64_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<p> s\u00e3o os m\u00f3dulos dos vetores<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cac24ae79c1e4cbc459f01ed5e4f824e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{u}}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"10\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> E<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-391ac2e3ba0b7f327ba5a0edc1ba162d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{v}}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"9\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> respectivamente e<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8f0b6b1a01f8fcc2f95be0364c090397_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\alpha\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"11\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> o \u00e2ngulo que eles fazem. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-106\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p> Lembre-se de que a magnitude de um vetor \u00e9 a raiz dos quadrados de seus componentes:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f63fa0a6f4110553705d4e3d6cf23692_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert = \\sqrt{ \\text{u}_x^2+\\text{u}_y^2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"32\" width=\"117\" style=\"vertical-align: -11px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Como exemplo, resolveremos o produto escalar de dois vetores cujos m\u00f3dulos e o \u00e2ngulo entre eles s\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-46c26555360d66fd213087ee2432e68e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert =3 \\qquad \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert = 4 \\qquad \\alpha=60\u00ba\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"226\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a363625d93f01339437d5ad065050025_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{aligned} \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} &amp; = \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\cdot \\cos(\\alpha ) \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;= 3 \\cdot 4 \\cdot \\cos(60\u00ba)\\\\[1.5ex] &amp; = 3 \\cdot 4 \\cdot 0,5 \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;= \\bm{6} \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"129\" width=\"168\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Por outro lado, o produto escalar tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 chamado de produto escalar, produto escalar ou produto escalar.<\/p>\n<p> <strong>Nota:<\/strong> N\u00e3o confunda produto escalar com produto vetorial porque embora tenham nomes semelhantes, s\u00e3o conceitos completamente diferentes. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"encontrar-el-angulo-entre-dos-vectores-utilizando-el-producto-escalar\"><\/span> Encontre o \u00e2ngulo entre dois vetores usando o produto escalar <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"adsb30\" style=\" margin:12px; text-align:center\">\n<div id=\"ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-109\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p> Depois de vermos a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de produto escalar, voc\u00ea deve estar se perguntando qual \u00e9 o prop\u00f3sito de multiplicar dois vetores? Pois bem, uma das aplica\u00e7\u00f5es do produto escalar \u00e9 calcular o \u00e2ngulo formado por dois vetores. <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/angle-entre-deux-vecteurs-et-produit-scalaire.webp\" alt=\"\u00e2ngulo entre dois vetores de produto escalar\" class=\"wp-image-583\" width=\"172\" height=\"175\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<p> Resolvendo o cosseno da f\u00f3rmula do produto escalar, obtemos:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0534ed8d223cf93e44493b80ebfa83d4_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\definecolor{taronjaquadreejemplo}{HTML}{FF9800}\\newtcbox{\\mymath}[1][]{%     nobeforeafter, math upper, tcbox raise base,     enhanced, colframe=taronjaquadreejemplo,      boxrule=1.1pt, boxsep=2mm,     #1} \\begin{empheq}[box={\\mymath[colback=white, shadow={2mm}{-2mm}{0mm}{taronjaquadreejemplo!20!white,} ]}]{equation*} \\cos(\\alpha) =\\cfrac{\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}}{\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert}\\end{empheq}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"329\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Vamos ver como isso \u00e9 feito atrav\u00e9s de um exemplo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Encontre o \u00e2ngulo entre os dois vetores a seguir:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d65d095d633d49431fcf3ee16757025e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{u}} = (4,2) \\qquad \\vv{\\text{v}} = (-1,5)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"194\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Primeiro precisamos encontrar a magnitude dos dois vetores:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b8435f99e0a124c838bc163cb3ac1c67_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert = \\sqrt{ 4^2+2^2}= \\sqrt{20}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"24\" width=\"170\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c8a9191c8cc87d5eeb9ba2adef3860f6_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert = \\sqrt{ (-1)^2+5^2}= \\sqrt{26}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"197\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Agora usamos a f\u00f3rmula para calcular o cosseno do \u00e2ngulo entre os dois vetores:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-808047a2b37f1b5534038383a4d4b111_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos(\\alpha) =\\cfrac{\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}}{\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert}=\\cfrac{ 4\\cdot (-1) + 2\\cdot 5}{\\sqrt{20}\\cdot \\sqrt{26}} = \\cfrac{6}{\\sqrt{520}} = 0,26\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"45\" width=\"387\" style=\"vertical-align: -17px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Finalmente, encontramos o \u00e2ngulo correspondente fazendo o inverso do cosseno usando a calculadora:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-36498fae23e4068e3d1c3735dafd2e64_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos^{-1}(0,26) = \\bm{74,93\u00ba}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"158\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Portanto, os vetores formam um \u00e2ngulo de 74,93\u00ba. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"propiedades-del-producto-escalar-de-dos-vectores\"><\/span> Propriedades do produto escalar de dois vetores<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> O produto escalar tem as seguintes caracter\u00edsticas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Propriedade comutativa<\/strong> : A ordem em que os vetores s\u00e3o multiplicados n\u00e3o importa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-fcc9e9f7ec3121774701301a70313b86_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} =\\vv{\\text{v}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{u}}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"88\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Propriedade distributiva<\/strong> : O produto escalar \u00e9 distributivo em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 adi\u00e7\u00e3o e subtra\u00e7\u00e3o de vetores:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0853c6a7d518e218e60c0d047bde152e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\vv{\\text{u}}( \\vv{\\text{v}}+ \\vv{\\text{w}} )=\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}+ \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{w}}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"180\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-585d05c6a06b6c57b9ab0e640a371a9c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\vv{\\text{u}}( \\vv{\\text{v}}- \\vv{\\text{w}} )=\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}- \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{w}}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"180\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>Propriedade associativa<\/strong> : Podemos multiplicar o produto escalar por uma constante antes ou depois de realizar a opera\u00e7\u00e3o, pois os resultados s\u00e3o equivalentes:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1d8c1312b87c767bb4439f6c6c693dad_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle k\\cdot (\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}) = (k\\cdot\\vv{\\text{u}}) \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} =\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot (k\\cdot\\vv{\\text{v}})\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"252\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Se dois vetores s\u00e3o <strong>ortogonais<\/strong> (ou perpendiculares), ent\u00e3o seu produto escalar \u00e9 zero. Esta propriedade pode ser facilmente demonstrada porque dois vetores perpendiculares formam um \u00e2ngulo de 90\u00ba, e o cosseno de 90\u00ba \u00e9 igual a 0:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-77e3b216b12f49a9dde99c0fbf626658_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{aligned} \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} &amp; = \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\cdot \\cos(90\u00ba ) \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;=\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\cdot 0 \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;= 0 \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"91\" width=\"175\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Pelo contr\u00e1rio, se dois vetores s\u00e3o <strong>paralelos<\/strong> , ent\u00e3o o seu produto escalar \u00e9 igual ao produto dos seus m\u00f3dulos. Esta propriedade tamb\u00e9m pode ser facilmente verificada pois dois vetores de mesma dire\u00e7\u00e3o formam um \u00e2ngulo de 0\u00ba, cujo cosseno \u00e9 igual a 1:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-777ec2544cac64aa065df21872989b4a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{aligned} \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} &amp; = \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\cdot \\cos(0\u00ba) \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;=\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\cdot 1 \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;= \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"96\" width=\"166\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Finalmente, o produto escalar de um vetor por si s\u00f3 \u00e9 equivalente \u00e0 sua magnitude ao quadrado: <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0161de621030dcfe2a1d5fccc94048bb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{u}} &amp; = \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert ^2\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"83\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ejercicios-resueltos-de-productos-escalares-entre-dos-vectores\"><\/span> Resolvidos problemas de produto escalar entre dois vetores<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Exerc\u00edcio 1<\/h3>\n<p> Calcule o produto escalar no plano dos dois vetores a seguir: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8c09eac43618120b3a2365fcd22278ef_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{u}} = (4,-3) \\qquad \\vv{\\text{v}} = (5,2)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"194\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E4F0FE\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E4F0FE\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Para calcular o produto escalar de dois vetores, precisamos multiplicar suas coordenadas X e suas coordenadas Y e, em seguida, adicionar os resultados: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f9cb0f372eee67ad149d5b2cff8d2f99_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{aligned}\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}  &amp; = (4,-3)\\cdot (5,2)  \\\\[1.5ex] &amp; = 4\\cdot 5 + (-3) \\cdot 2 \\\\[1.5ex] &amp; = 20-6\\\\[1.5ex] &amp; =\\bm{14} \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"129\" width=\"165\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exerc\u00edcio 2<\/h3>\n<p> Determine o produto escalar de dois vetores cujos m\u00f3dulos e o \u00e2ngulo que eles formam s\u00e3o: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-55cc75d8aa625082e47ed6396449f550_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert =6 \\qquad \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert = 3 \\qquad \\alpha=45\u00ba\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"225\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E4F0FE\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E4F0FE\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Como conhecemos seus m\u00f3dulos e seu \u00e2ngulo entre eles, podemos aplicar diretamente a f\u00f3rmula do produto escalar: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-38999386ccbd92758c9968f025beff72_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\begin{aligned} \\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}} &amp; = \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert \\cdot \\cos(\\alpha ) \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;= 6 \\cdot 3 \\cdot \\cos(45\u00ba)\\\\[1.5ex] &amp; = 6 \\cdot 3 \\cdot 0,71 \\\\[1.5ex] &amp;= \\bm{12,73} \\end{aligned}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"133\" width=\"168\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exerc\u00edcio 3<\/h3>\n<p> Qual \u00e9 o \u00e2ngulo entre os dois vetores a seguir? <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-256770a8f550eb60828f1027831ec423_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\vv{\\text{u}}=(3,8) \\qquad  \\vv{\\text{v}} =(-4,1)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"194\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E4F0FE\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E4F0FE\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Primeiro, precisamos calcular a magnitude dos dois vetores: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3a43677b59edab4031eae3cf64775e63_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert = \\sqrt{ 3^2+8^2}= \\sqrt{73}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"24\" width=\"170\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-34ffe2db4622d64f22c5ec525dbc01ac_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert = \\sqrt{ (-4)^2+1^2}= \\sqrt{17}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"197\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Usamos a f\u00f3rmula para calcular o cosseno do \u00e2ngulo formado pelos vetores:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-eecb349d0dcd0362cfd6a67b639e4edb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos(\\alpha) =\\cfrac{\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}}{\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert}=\\cfrac{ 3\\cdot (-4) + 8\\cdot 1}{\\sqrt{73}\\cdot \\sqrt{17}} = \\cfrac{-4}{\\sqrt{1241}} = -0,11\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"45\" width=\"409\" style=\"vertical-align: -17px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> E, finalmente, encontramos o \u00e2ngulo correspondente fazendo o inverso do cosseno com a calculadora: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b3e2f0498a5af3652b484888d36d1f36_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos^{-1}(-0,11) = \\bm{96,52\u00ba}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"170\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exerc\u00edcio 4<\/h3>\n<p> Considere os dois vetores a seguir:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ae35d4962f496060eec23769832a6649_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\vv{\\text{u}}=(5,2) \\qquad \\vv{\\text{v}} =(-1,6)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"194\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Calcule a seguinte opera\u00e7\u00e3o: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-256d0ec6c6c20b5914f3ab0716119a97_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"4 \\bigl(\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot\\vv{\\text{v}}\\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"55\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E4F0FE\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E4F0FE\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Primeiro precisamos resolver o produto escalar dentro dos par\u00eanteses e, em seguida, fazer a multiplica\u00e7\u00e3o pelo produto escalar fora: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-256d0ec6c6c20b5914f3ab0716119a97_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"4 \\bigl(\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot\\vv{\\text{v}}\\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"55\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8652a87d0713db4774dae56ca4328e49_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"4 \\bigl((5,2) \\cdot (-1,6) \\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"129\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c6f9d3b4f48b49bdfdfc69a19dd13903_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"4 \\bigl(5 \\cdot (-1) + 2 \\cdot 6 \\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"133\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-afe85bb11fcdcc61ae43a2d7f6b7603c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"4 \\bigl(-5 + 12 \\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"85\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-64de0e6750bcabc711c6d73ec0d0d869_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"4 \\cdot 7\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"31\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-32d67549905fec64c67a14e7a8b694e4_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\bm{28}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"18\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exerc\u00edcio 5<\/h3>\n<p> Dados os seguintes tr\u00eas vetores bidimensionais:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-202792a7dea6027ec366cffa5ff30e22_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\vv{\\text{u}}=(-2,6) \\qquad \\vv{\\text{v}} =(4,-3)\\qquad \\vv{\\text{w}} =(-1,2)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"333\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p> Calcule a seguinte opera\u00e7\u00e3o: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8413dfd8859a9b5a549dbfd002683439_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{w}} \\cdot \\bigl( 5 \\vv{\\text{u}}- 2 \\vv{\\text{v}}\\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"98\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E4F0FE\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E4F0FE\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Primeiro, multiplicamos os vetores pelos escalares entre par\u00eanteses: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8413dfd8859a9b5a549dbfd002683439_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{\\text{w}} \\cdot \\bigl( 5 \\vv{\\text{u}}- 2 \\vv{\\text{v}}\\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"98\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-dc363692e0558fc697dee94018108f2d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"(-1,2) \\cdot \\bigl( 5 (-2,6)- 2(4,-3)\\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"225\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c51b85108b7dc83bc81a75702db939bd_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"(-1,2) \\cdot \\bigl( (-10,30)- (8,-6)\\bigr)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"225\" style=\"vertical-align: -7px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Agora fazemos a subtra\u00e7\u00e3o vetorial: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ca704e156d875e9ca62b62452c77cc3b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"(-1,2) \\cdot  (-10 -8,30-(-6))\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"224\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-28e80b50176016afcc5901693ef5426d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"(-1,2) \\cdot  (-18,36)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"135\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> E, finalmente, resolvemos o produto escalar: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-498a8066459db0849a08866445623dbb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"(-1)\\cdot (-18) + 2 \\cdot 36\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"155\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f3c885a9e81d347e3914a736b32bb382_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"18 + 72\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"55\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-56a66a32d168d33967dda62795778226_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\bm{90}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"18\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exerc\u00edcio 6<\/h3>\n<p> Calcule o valor de<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3422b6bb5c160593658b7c39425d9880_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"k\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"9\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> de modo que os seguintes vetores sejam perpendiculares: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1b1c6281d6e6570fd94edcd837293e2a_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\vv{\\text{u}}=(-2,-3) \\qquad  \\vv{\\text{v}} =(k,6)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"208\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E4F0FE\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E4F0FE\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Dois vetores perpendiculares formam um \u00e2ngulo de 90\u00ba. Portanto o cosseno do \u00e2ngulo deve ser zero, pois cos(90\u00ba)=0. Ainda: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e83a6b694c8dfa0975854f1bffec44de_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos(90\u00ba) =\\cfrac{\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}}{\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"39\" width=\"133\" style=\"vertical-align: -17px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3ef11c2ecbf7bc8dff4217a761960387_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 0=\\cfrac{\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}}{\\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"39\" width=\"86\" style=\"vertical-align: -17px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> O denominador da fra\u00e7\u00e3o divide todo o lado direito da equa\u00e7\u00e3o, ent\u00e3o podemos pass\u00e1-lo multiplicando pelo outro lado: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-797dd0ce47130f959c984510894f08b1_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 0 \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{u}} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{\\text{v}} \\rvert  =\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"129\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b58e54d3d5fa6e123ca5e27a27d77ad1_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 0  =\\vv{\\text{u}} \\cdot \\vv{\\text{v}}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"64\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Agora resolvemos o produto escalar: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-67bb2b17e1eb4d090327e96f5f3a8bcf_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 0 =(-2,-3) \\cdot (k,6)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"152\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-77ccd428939d3270f6feeef3ca9681e0_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 0 =-2 \\cdot k + (-3)\\cdot 6\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"158\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4dacdcd81cad7dcb737b48de38e3b4a8_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 0 =-2 k -18\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"105\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> E, por fim, esclarecemos o desconhecido: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-35a0330d3e83b419577d9448ff01008f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle 2k =-18\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"74\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6abbb3c976dc4f8d66093a3fb3a40cca_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle k =\\cfrac{-18}{2}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"38\" width=\"75\" style=\"vertical-align: -12px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-67556bf37fde34c4177ff3f3c037f95c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\bm{k =-9}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"56\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exerc\u00edcio 7<\/h3>\n<p> Calcular \u00e2ngulos<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-28575fb8fa361427b255d8744e982cf2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\alpha , \\beta\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"30\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<p> E<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4de02fc502ed5dbd15f371728ea270a3_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\gamma\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"10\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<p> que formam os lados do seguinte tri\u00e2ngulo: <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/exercice-angle-resolu-entre-vecteurs-produit-scalaire.webp\" alt=\"exerc\u00edcios e problemas resolvidos passo a passo do produto escalar de dois vetores\" class=\"wp-image-560\" width=\"290\" height=\"226\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, \"><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-start otfm-sp__wrapper otfm-sp__box js-otfm-sp-box__closed otfm-sp__E4F0FE\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-otfm-spc=\"#E4F0FE\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div class=\"otfm-sp__title\"> <strong>veja solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Os v\u00e9rtices que comp\u00f5em o tri\u00e2ngulo s\u00e3o os seguintes pontos:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-75a4919fae29190e3effdeedcec8eb6d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"A(2,1) \\qquad B(4,4) \\qquad C(6,2)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"230\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Para calcular os \u00e2ngulos internos do tri\u00e2ngulo, podemos calcular os vetores de cada um dos seus lados e, em seguida, determinar o \u00e2ngulo que eles formam usando a f\u00f3rmula do produto escalar.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Por exemplo, para encontrar o \u00e2ngulo<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8f0b6b1a01f8fcc2f95be0364c090397_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\alpha\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"8\" width=\"11\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"><\/p>\n<p> Calculamos os vetores de seus lados: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6a9da14fa9cc4e50b06bdfa76801b083_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{AB} = B - A = (4,4)-(2,1)= (2,3)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"287\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-8e4e2e72bee87bba3e7657a53935e660_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{AC} = C - A = (6,2)-(2,1)= (4,1)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"286\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> E encontramos o \u00e2ngulo formado pelos dois vetores usando a f\u00f3rmula do produto escalar: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7b6aad49b300d421fc3bb486f051294c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lvert \\vv{AB} \\rvert = \\sqrt{2^2+3^2} = \\sqrt{13}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"185\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f6657897e68d6b68f79277c89abe6868_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lvert \\vv{AC} \\rvert = \\sqrt{4^2+1^2} = \\sqrt{17}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"185\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a966db5753cbb53c424c0f962fb27102_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos(\\alpha) =\\cfrac{\\vv{AB} \\cdot \\vv{AC}}{\\lvert \\vv{AB} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{AC} \\rvert}=\\cfrac{ 2\\cdot 4 + 3\\cdot 1}{\\sqrt{13}\\cdot \\sqrt{17}} = \\cfrac{11}{\\sqrt{221}} =0,74\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"44\" width=\"396\" style=\"vertical-align: -17px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9fac783dc0113263dfb5c31b58231fae_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\bm{\\alpha = 42,27\u00ba}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"79\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Agora repetimos o mesmo procedimento para determinar o \u00e2ngulo <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-ea160d5901518098e691e051e6efa4a9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\beta:\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"20\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-398c0b2dc840abfc63700a084e9e2956_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\vv{BC} = C - B = (6,2)-(4,4)= (2,-2)\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"302\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b7825d9e3b0ceee57e7ecd470e52a242_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\lvert \\vv{BC} \\rvert = \\sqrt{2^2+(-2)^2} = \\sqrt{8}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"22\" width=\"207\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e0e73fd58d6a5b487af9f971fdcdc97f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\displaystyle \\cos(\\beta) =\\cfrac{\\vv{AB} \\cdot \\vv{BC}}{\\lvert \\vv{AB} \\rvert \\cdot \\lvert \\vv{BC} \\rvert}=\\cfrac{ 2\\cdot 2 + 3\\cdot (-2)}{\\sqrt{13}\\cdot \\sqrt{8}} = \\cfrac{-2}{\\sqrt{104}} =-0,20\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"45\" width=\"437\" style=\"vertical-align: -17px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1b2f148d28b9679b8267886497e16518_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\bm{\\beta = 101,31\u00ba}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"86\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"> Finalmente, para encontrar o \u00faltimo \u00e2ngulo, podemos repetir o mesmo procedimento. No entanto, todos os \u00e2ngulos em um tri\u00e2ngulo devem somar 180 graus, ent\u00e3o: <\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-662cae07e8d96d1164dad2b0358302fc_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"\\gamma = 180 -42,27-101,31 = \\bm{36,42\u00ba}\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"17\" width=\"266\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-otfm-box-spoiler-end otfm-sp_end\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nesta p\u00e1gina voc\u00ea ver\u00e1 o que \u00e9 e como calcular o produto escalar de dois vetores. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m aprender\u00e1 como encontrar o \u00e2ngulo entre dois vetores usando o produto escalar e, al\u00e9m disso, todas as propriedades do produto escalar. Por fim, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 praticar com exemplos e exerc\u00edcios resolvidos passo a passo. Como calcular o &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/calcular-o-produto-escalar-entre-dois-vetores-exemplos-exercicios-resolvidos\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Calcule o produto escalar de dois vetores<\/span> Leia mais &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-calculadoras-cientificas"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Calcule o produto escalar de dois vetores -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/pt\/calcular-o-produto-escalar-entre-dois-vetores-exemplos-exercicios-resolvidos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Calcule o produto escalar de dois vetores -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nesta p\u00e1gina voc\u00ea ver\u00e1 o que \u00e9 e como calcular o produto escalar de dois vetores. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m aprender\u00e1 como encontrar o \u00e2ngulo entre dois vetores usando o produto escalar e, al\u00e9m disso, todas as propriedades do produto escalar. Por fim, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 praticar com exemplos e exerc\u00edcios resolvidos passo a passo. 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