{"id":205,"date":"2023-07-15T00:53:59","date_gmt":"2023-07-15T00:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/cn\/%e5%8d%8f%e6%96%b9%e5%b7%ae\/"},"modified":"2023-07-15T00:53:59","modified_gmt":"2023-07-15T00:53:59","slug":"%e5%8d%8f%e6%96%b9%e5%b7%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mathority.org\/cn\/%e5%8d%8f%e6%96%b9%e5%b7%ae\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3<strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u8d77\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u968f\u7740\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u6d88\u8d39\u91cf\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5219\u53d8\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u6e29\u5ea6\u5347\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u8d1f\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u544a\u8bc9\u60a8<strong>\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6cbf\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u6b63\uff09\u6216\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u8d1f\uff09\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u8d77\u53d8\u5316\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u5c06\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5f3a\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Como_se_calcula_la_covarianza\">\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b<strong>\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/strong>\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u4e0b\u5217\u6b65\u9aa4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6c42<\/strong>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u9664\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u603b\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4ece\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u503c\u4e2d<strong>\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/strong>\u3002\u6b64\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\u4ece X \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u4e2d\u51cf\u53bb\u53d8\u91cf X \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u53d8\u91cf Y \u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u7684<strong>\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u4e58<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\u51cf\u53bb\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u4e58\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u51cf\u53bb\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong>\u3002\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4ea7\u54c1\u76f8\u52a0\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u503c<\/strong>\u9664\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u603b\u6570\u3002\u8be5\u503c\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6b63\u6570\u3001\u8d1f\u6570\u6216\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\u3002\u6b63\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u8868\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u671d\u540c\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8d1f\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u8868\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6cbf\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u8d77\u53d8\u5316\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3<\/h3>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u201c\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u201d(X) \u548c\u201c\u8003\u8bd5\u6210\u7ee9\u201d(Y)\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u6709 5 \u540d\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4 (X)\uff1a4\u30016\u30013\u30017\u30015\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff08Y\uff09\uff1a85\u300190\u300180\u300195\u300188\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa41\uff1a<\/strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">X \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1a(4 + 6 + 3 + 7 + 5) \u00f7 5 = 5<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> Y \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1a(85 + 90 + 80 + 95 + 88) \u00f7 5 = 86<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa4 2<\/strong> \uff1a\u4ece\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5e94\u503c\u4e2d\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">X \u2013 X \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1a-1, 1, -2, 2, 0<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> Y \u2013 Y \u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1a-1, 4, -6, 9, 2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b65\u9aa43<\/strong> \uff1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u4e58<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">(-1) \u00b7 (-1) = 1<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> 1 4 = 4<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> (-2) \u00b7 (-6) = 12<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> 2 9 = 18<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> 0 2 = 0<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65<\/strong>\uff1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">1 + 4 + 12 + 18 + 0 = 35<\/p>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa45\uff1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u503c\u9664\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u603b\u6570<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">35 \u00f7 5 = 7<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u201c\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8003\u8bd5\u6210\u7ee9\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u4e3a7\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Cual_es_la_diferencia_entre_la_varianza_y_la_covarianza\">\u65b9\u5dee\u548c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/cn\/\u65b9\u5dee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u65b9\u5dee<\/a>\u662f\u6307\u793a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/cn\/\u7edf\u8ba1\u79bb\u6563\u5ea6\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7edf\u8ba1\u79bb\u6563\u6027<\/a>\u6216\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5404\u4e2a\u503c\u4e0e\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u9ad8\u65b9\u5dee\u610f\u5473\u7740<strong>\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u6216\u8fdc\u79bb\u5747\u503c<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4f4e\u65b9\u5dee\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u6307\u793a<strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u8d77\u79fb\u52a8\u7684<\/strong>\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u5f02\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u4e3a\u6b63\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u660e\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4e00\u8d77\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u5982\u679c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u4e3a\u8d1f\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d8b\u4e8e\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5219\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\u8868\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u65b9\u5dee\u8861\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u8861\u91cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u5f02\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Cual_es_la_importancia_de_la_covarianza\">\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u8981\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u591a\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u503c\u63a5\u8fd1\u96f6\u8868\u793a\u5173\u7cfb<strong>\u8f83\u5f31\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u503c\u8f83\u9ad8\u5219\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u8f83\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f<strong>\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u9884\u6d4b<\/strong>\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6709\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<a href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/cn\/\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52<\/a>\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u91d1\u878d\u98ce\u9669\u7ba1\u7406\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e24\u79cd\u91d1\u878d\u8d44\u4ea7\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u8d77\u79fb\u52a8\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e<strong>\u6295\u8d44\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u5143\u5316<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0d\u540c\u8d44\u4ea7\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u56de\u62a5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Cuales_son_los_principales_usos_de_la_covarianza\">\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u9014\u3002\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5728<strong>\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u548c\u8ba1\u91cf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66<\/strong>\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u5f02\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5171\u540c\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0d\u540c\u91d1\u878d\u8d44\u4ea7\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u80a1\u7968\u3001\u503a\u5238\u6216\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\uff09\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u5e2e\u52a9\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u8d44\u4ea7\u5982\u4f55\u534f\u540c\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5143\u5316\u6295\u8d44\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u98ce\u9669\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6295\u8d44\u7ec4\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u98ce\u9669\u5206\u6563\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u540c\u8d44\u4ea7\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u8d44\u4ea7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f4e\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd\u671d\u540c\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u964d\u4f4e\u6295\u8d44\u7ec4\u5408\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u8fd8\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c<strong>\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u540c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong>\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<strong>\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5ea6\u91cf\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u6355\u83b7\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u8d77\u6f14\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Propiedades_de_la_covarianza\">\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u5c5e\u6027<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee<strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6b63<\/strong>\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u671d\u540c\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u4e3a\u8d1f\uff0c\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u671d<strong>\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/strong>\u79fb\u52a8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u4e3a\u96f6\uff0c\u5219\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee<strong>\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u6216\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6781\u7aef\u503c\u6216\u79bb\u7fa4\u503c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u5bf9\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u4ea7\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<strong>\u5373\u4f7f\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u8f83\u9ad8\u6216\u8f83\u4f4e<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 X \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e Y \u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u7b49\u4e8e Y \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e X \u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u5f02\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee<strong>\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8054\u5408\u53d8\u5f02\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span id=\"Ejemplo_de_covarianza\">\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u793a\u4f8b<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u53d8\u91cf A \u548c B\uff0c\u5176\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> A = (a1, a2, a3) = (2, 5, 7)<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> B = (b1, b2, b3) = (6, 3, 1)<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> A&#8217; = (2 + 5 + 7) \u00f7 3 = 4.67<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> B&#8217; = (6 + 3 + 1) \u00f7 3 = 3.33<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e86\u7b97\u672f\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\uff1a<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"> Cov(A, B) = (2 \u2013 4.67) \u00b7 (6 \u2013 3.33) + (5 \u2013 4.67) \u00b7 (3 \u2013 3.33) + (7 \u2013 4.67) \u00b7 (1 \u2013 3.33) \u00f7 3 = -2.33<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u503c\u4e3a\u8d1f\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u53d8\u91cf A \u548c B \u5b58\u5728\u8d1f\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d8b\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3A\u548cB\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c<strong>\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ebf\u6027\u76f8\u5173\u6027<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5230<strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u65e0\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u6536\u5165\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u7b49\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u8d77\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u548c\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u6d88\u8017\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u968f\u7740\u6e29\u5ea6 &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/mathority.org\/cn\/%e5%8d%8f%e6%96%b9%e5%b7%ae\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\uff1f<\/span> \u67e5\u770b\u5168\u6587 &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-9","category-27"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This 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